r/Vermiculture Jul 31 '24

Discussion Making your 1st bin? Start here!

99 Upvotes

Hello everyone!

Today I will be outlining a very simply beginner worm bin that can be made in less than 20 minutes, and wont cost more than a couple of dollars. When I first began making vermicompost many many years ago this is the exact method I would use, and it was able to comfortable support a 4 person household. As I said before, I have been doing this for many years and now am semi-commercial, with tons of massive bins and more advanced setups that I wont be going into today. If anyone has any interest, shoot me a message or drop a comment and I will potentially make a separate post.

I am not a fan of stacked bins, having to drill holes, or in other way make it a long process to setup a bin. I have messed around with various methods in the past and this has always been my go to.

Bin Choice:

Below is the 14L bin I started out with and is a great size for a small to medium household. It came as a 4 pack on Amazon costing less than 30$ USD, meaning the unit price was just over 7$. One of the most important things about a beginner bin is 1) getting a bin that is the appropriate size and 2) getting one that is dark. Worms are photophobic, and will stay away from the sides of the bin if they can see light penetration.

Layer 1:

For my first layer I like to use a small, finely shredded, breakable material. I typically use shredded cardboard as it wont mat down to the bottom of the bin very easily, can easily be broken down, and provides a huge surface area for beneficial bacteria and other decomposers to take hold. After putting about a 1 inch thick layer of shredded paper, I wet it down. I will discuss moisture more at the end of this post, but for now just know that you want your paper wet enough that there isnt any residual pooling water.

Layer 2:

I like to make my second later a variety of different materials in terms of thickness and size. This means that while the materials in the bin are breaking down, they will do so at an uneven rate. When materials such as paper towels break down, there will still be small cardboard left. When the small cardboard is breaking down, the larger cardboard will still be available. This just means that your entire bin dosnt peek at once, and can continue to function well for many months. Again, the material is wet down.

The Food:

Ideally the food you give your worms to start is able to break down easily, is more on the "mushy" side, and can readily be populated by microbes. Think of bananas, rotten fruit, simple starches- stuff of that nature. It also is certainly not a bad idea to give the food time to break down before the worms arrive from wherever you are getting them from. This might mean that if you have a few banana peels that are in great condition, you make the bin 4-5 days before hand and let them just exist in the bin, breaking down and getting populated by microbes. Current evidence suggests worms eat both a mix of the bacteria that populate and decompose materials, as well as the materials themselves. By allowing the time for the food to begin the decomposition process, the worms will be able to immedielty begin feasting once they move in. In this example, I used a spoiled apple, a handful of dried lettuce from my bearded dragons, a grape vine stem, and some expired cereal.

The Grit:

The anatomy of worms is rather simple- they are essentially tubes that have a mouth, a crop, a gizzard, some reproductive organs, and intestines and an excretion port. The crop of the worm stores food for a period of time, while the gizzard holds small stones and harder particles, and uses it to break down the food into smaller parts. In the wild, worms have access to not only decaying material but stones, gravel, sand, etc. We need to provide this in some capacity for the worms in order for them to be able to digest effectively. There are essentially two lines of thought - sources that were once living and those that were never living. Inaminate bodies such as sand can be used in the worm bin no problem. I, however, prefer to use grit from either ground oyster shells or ground egg shells. The reason for this is the fact that, after eventually breaking down to a sub-visible level, the calcium can be taken up by plants and utilized as the mineral it is. Sand, on its finest level, with never be anything other then finer sand. If you sell castings itll be a percent of your weight, itll affect purity, and itll not have a purpose for plants. In this instance I used sand as I didnt have any ground egg shells immediately available. When creating a bin, its okay to go heavier and give a thick sprinkle over the entire bin.

The Worms:

When I first made this bin many years ago I used 500 worms, and by the time I broke it down there was well over 1000. For this demonstration I am using probably around 250 worms curtesy of one of the 55 gallon bins I am letting migrate.

Layer 3:

The next layer of material I like to use is hand shredded leaves. I have them in easy supply and I think they are a great way of getting some microbes and bring some real "life" to the bin. If these arent accessible to you, this step is completely optional, but it is certainly a great addition for the benefits of water retention, volume, variety, and source of biodiversity. Remember - a worm bin is an ecosystem. If you have nothing but worms in your bin you arent going to be running at a good efficiency.

Layer 4:

I always like to add one more top layer of shredded cardboard. Its nice to fill in the gaps and give one more layer above the worms. It also gives it a solid uniform look. It also is a great way to fill volume. On smaller bins I dont like doing layers thicker than 2 inches of any one material, as it leads to them sticking together or not breaking down in a manor that I would like.

The Cover:

*IMPORTANT* This to me is probably THE most important component of a worm bin that gets overlooked Using a piece of cardboard taped entirely in packing tape keeps the moisture in the bin and prevents light from reaching the worms. I use it in all of my bins and its been essential in keeping moisture in my bins evenly distributed and from drying out too fast. As you can see this piece has been through a couple bins and still works out well. As a note, I do scope all of my material for microplastics before I sell, and the presence of this cover has no impact on levels of microplastic contamination in the bin.

The End:

And thats it! Keep it somewhere with the lights on for the next few hours to prevent the worms from wanting to run from the new home. Do your best not to mess with the bin for the first week or two, and start with a smaller feeding than you think they can handle and work it from there. Worms would much rather be wet than dry, so keep the bin nice and moist. The moisture level should be about the same as when you wring your hair out after the shower - no substantial water droplets but still damp to the touch. If you notice a bad, bacterial smell or that the bin is to wet, simple remove the cover and add some more cardboard. The resulting total volume of the bedding is somewhere between 8-10 inches.

Please let me know if you have any comments, or any suggestions on things you may want to see added! If theres interest I will attempt to post an update in a month or so on the progress of this bin.


r/Vermiculture 2h ago

Advice wanted Can this be composted?

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4 Upvotes

Unsure if the material in the f&m hamper are wood shavings or something else? Can I add it to my worm bin?


r/Vermiculture 12h ago

Discussion 🪱 $75 for 1 lb, $130 for 2 lb 🤯

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19 Upvotes

Just got my free catalog from Territorial Seed Co. I always check out their red wiggler prices, because I have like 20 pounds of worms in my back yard, this is the highest I’ve ever seen them go for! I remember a few years back they were like $15 a pound. Is anyone really paying $130 for 2 pounds? If so I’m rich! 🤣


r/Vermiculture 13h ago

Advice wanted Is it better to go worming for Red Wigglers or buy them from Amazon?

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9 Upvotes

Tomorrow is 50 degrees in Zone 7a, so I’m looking to possibly worm at a local park.


r/Vermiculture 17h ago

Finished compost Are they done?

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15 Upvotes

I started with 100 worms about 4 months ago. I used half soil and the other half coco mix. Was wondering if these castings are done? Works are in a 15 gallon pot with about 4 gallons of bedding in it. Thank you.


r/Vermiculture 12h ago

Advice wanted Store bought cow poo

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6 Upvotes

Anyone using in your bins? Or have thoughts about using?


r/Vermiculture 9h ago

New bin Here we go.

2 Upvotes

Cut all of the cardboard boxes and wrapping from Christmas gifts in a 20x30x24 inch tub. A lot of cutting! Lol. Soaked it. It soaked up all the water. Added 2 cups of powdered eggshells, 1 cup of cornmeal, 1 cup of grits, 1 cup of coffee grounds which was moldy. Going to take a little soil from my established bin to mix in. Between my friends here and youtube I should do better next year. Happy New Years!!


r/Vermiculture 5h ago

Advice wanted What type of worm is this?

1 Upvotes

I have a pre-composter in my garden and these guys shown up and have been living there for a while. They look way bigger than the red wigglers I have in my composer.

  1. Does anyone know what type they are?
  2. Would I benefit from taking them and moving them to my composter bin with the red wigglers?

Thank you


r/Vermiculture 12h ago

Advice wanted ID

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2 Upvotes

Found in my home, I’ve got a dog and was wondering if it’s a parasite or an earthworm.


r/Vermiculture 1d ago

Advice wanted how to warm worms in the winter without heating?

7 Upvotes

Hey people!

So i started 3 bins about a month ago with half a pound of mixed african nightcrawlers and red wigglers, my main bin is a 7 gallon foam cooler and i have a 2 gallon plastic tote with about 50 reds in it and a 5 gallon bucket with about 20-50 ANCs. The winter where i live might be rough for the normal winters here and might get to about 4 c at the lowest. Unfortunately keeping my worms indoors is not an option for me as i live in a studio apartment, but i am keeping them in an outdoor wooden closet with a loose closing door, they've been there for a month so ventilation is not an issue. I'm not sure if my worms will be able to survive the cold and what can i do to keep them warm through the winter, i'm more worried about the ANC bucket. I've overfed them intentionally(dry worm chow) so that i don't have to check on them as much and maybe the additional food might heat the bin up a bit(never happened so far), i've also added a bunch of dry newspaper shreds to the top of each bin in hopes that they might provide some insulation by filling the air space without compromising the ventilation of the bins. Is this enough. What else can i do to ensure the worms are warm and comfortable.

Edit: please let me know if anyone has any experience with africsn nightcrawlers.

Thanks


r/Vermiculture 1d ago

Cocoons Is this a cocoon of ANC worms? I found these at the top of my wormbin lid. Pls advice

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6 Upvotes

r/Vermiculture 1d ago

Advice wanted Will red wigglers thrive without dirt?

4 Upvotes

Tons of cardboard and paper from Christmas. About 4 dozen crushed eggshells. Can i make a bin with this?


r/Vermiculture 1d ago

Advice wanted Will Red Wigglers thrive in a bucket of this?

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5 Upvotes

Will probably do a 50/50 mix with my garden soil and add banana peels and egg shells weekly and layer more soil on top. Planning to grow potatoes in the same 5 gallon bucket.


r/Vermiculture 1d ago

Advice wanted Question on bugs in the ‘bin’

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13 Upvotes

I bought worms for an indoor garden. Left of the remaining worms in this thing typically used to show kids worms for school. The worms are thriving.

I have these little white bugs that never move from decaying material unless forced to and when they move, they are pretty quick. One photo is no zoom, the other has zoom.

I want to take some of these remaining worms and stick them in the garden. Are they okay to put in there? If not, can I rinse the worms or something to ensure no contamination?

in the PNW and the bugs came from introducing fallen leaves from the backyard. Maple, cherry, fir type stuff.


r/Vermiculture 1d ago

Advice wanted Are my ENCS gathering in a corner near the top something to worry about?

2 Upvotes

I got a lb of ENCs about 2 months ago and mixed them into my 2 year old bin that's always had red wigglers. I've mostly left them alone until feedings (every 2 weeks or so) but every time I've checked on them all of the ENCs are towards the top of the bin and around the edges/corners usually is larger groups. I've always read they like to go deeper so I'm wondering if they don't like the bin conditions? My wiggler seem to be thriving. Should I be worried about the ENCs? Any advice would be greatly appreciated.


r/Vermiculture 1d ago

Advice wanted Darn

2 Upvotes

Had about 4 dozen eggshells from the holidays for my worms. Put about 2 dozen in the microwave to dry before I crushed them. Some came out black!! Are they still good?


r/Vermiculture 1d ago

Advice wanted How to tell if castings are ready?

3 Upvotes

I feel like this is a silly question but I'm still relatively new to all this. I used things like coco coir, local compost and leaves as bedding. I'm finding it hard to decide if I can harvest castings or if this is just the compost, coco coir, castings mixing together and maybe I should let the worms be for a bit longer. Is there a good way to tell when it's ready to harvest or is it a guessing game at the beginning?


r/Vermiculture 1d ago

Advice wanted Red Wiggler Nursery Bins

4 Upvotes

I've been breeding red wigglers for three months and wanted to check if I'm on the right track. I started with 1,000 worms in 2x4 concrete mix tubs. After a month of acclimation, the breeder bins are producing lots of cocoons and healthy castings, so I think things are going well.

Breeder Bin Setup:

  • Bedding: shredded paper, coffee grounds, pulverized dry leaves.
  • Moisture: like a wrung-out sponge, no pooling water.
  • Feeding: a homemade worm chow (eggshells, oats, grains).

At the 21-day mark, I separate adults from cocoons using the light method, gradually pushing material aside and collecting worms and castings. However, I notice a lot of unprocessed organic material still mixed in, which makes separation tricky.

Nursery Bin Observations:

  • Many cocoons hatch, but a significant number remain unhatched even after 6-7 weeks.
  • The nursery bins are becoming clumpy due to moisture and accumulating organic material.
  • I'm adding shredded paper to help with texture.

Questions:

  1. Is it normal for cocoon hatch rates to lag behind cocoon production rates?
  2. Should I just be more patient, or am I missing something?

Additional Notes:

  • Temperature: steady 68-70°F in the basement.
  • I don't aerate the bins during the 3-week period, and the bottom soil gets slightly compacted.

Am I overlooking any key factors? Should I aerate more frequently? Any advice on improving hatch rates or managing nursery bin buildup would be greatly appreciated. Thanks in advance, and I'll include some photos for reference!

Nursery Bin Consistency. Moisture level sightly under breeder bin. mixture of organics and castings. Culumpty, but doesn't smell bad.

Breeder Bin Consistency. Looks good to me.


r/Vermiculture 2d ago

Finished compost Sifted bins.

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38 Upvotes

Used 1/4” sifter. Started with population of 100 worms roughly a year ago and estimate population to be maybe 4,000 or 5,000. Bottom bin is pre compost wood chips and crushed walnut used reptile substrate. Middle three have wood charcoal, used mulch, grinded egg shells, kitchen scraps, and used reptile coco coir. It’s not a complete compost but will be adding it to an outdoor compost pile in need.


r/Vermiculture 2d ago

Advice wanted Newbie needing help. What did i do wrong? It smells like old mildew. I have added more shredded paper since this picture, but this bin is was started in the 1st week of Oct. Idk what I'm doing. So advice is appreciated.

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5 Upvotes

r/Vermiculture 1d ago

Advice wanted Anyone know what these things are?

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0 Upvotes

I've recently found these clear very hard segments in my apartment. One of my cats has had tapeworms before (bleh), so I know these aren't tapeworm segments because they're so clear/cream and a bit bigger. I haven't found these anywhere else in my apartment- I looked where the cats hang out and on my other counters/flat surfaces, but definitely didn't want to just write it off. It's so hard to get a picture since they're clear, but here's to trying


r/Vermiculture 2d ago

Discussion Well my wormy brethren, I’m hoping for a Christmas miracle 🪱

12 Upvotes

The beacons are lit! Gondor calls for aid!!

Like most of us here, nothing says the Boxing Day like shredding boxes😆

Well comrades, my shredder has given up the ghost. I got it a while ago, second hand, for $10, and I'm truly happy with the amount of mileage I got outta this trooper.

I am reaching out to the vermicompost community to ask if any of y'all could help me out with a new shredder. Everyone seems to have good things to say about the Amazon basics 12 sheet one for modest cardboard (like single layer thin corrugated or pizza box type material) which is my primary source of carbon.

This is obviously not an urgent issue for me, naturally I'm doing less in terms of my bins due to it being winter here, but I figured it couldn't hurt to ask 😊. Maybe some of you who are more Amazon savvy have Boxing Day mojo you can work for a deal or somesuch?

(Again, just want to reiterate this is not urgent, just a worm-enthusiast putting something out to the community, goodness knows a lot of people are dealing with some lean times, so there's no worry if this isn't realistic for you)

In any case, I wanted to send everyone a hearty Happy Holidays to you and yours, however you spend the festive season. I love this little community of worm-friends 😁🎄🪱💖✨❄️

Hope you all have a safe, happy entry to the new year. 2025 baybeeeeee ✨🪱✨

Edit: just to clarify, I have checked out the usual spots for second hand things (kijiji etc) with no luck 🤷🏼


r/Vermiculture 3d ago

Advice wanted I don’t know what to say to you all.

70 Upvotes

I was a USDA LICENSED ANIMAL BREEDER. All animals had to be taken care of every day. To find out my red wigglers only need to be checked once every 3 weeks is mind blowing to me. This is a whole new world.


r/Vermiculture 2d ago

Advice wanted Used castings

7 Upvotes

So I have a few plants growing in worm castings at the moment. Was just wondering, when the plants eventually shrivel up and die, what do I do with the castings? Should I put them back in the bin and 'recycle' them, so to speak?


r/Vermiculture 2d ago

Advice wanted Anorexic conditions

0 Upvotes

Watched a YouTube video. They said worms didn’t care if food was Orexic or inorexic. InOrecxic has methane gas which people smell and doesn’t like because it stinks. If the bin gets too inOrexic it depletes oxygen in the bin. What to do if you smell your bin? Take the food out? Fluff your bin and try again. And add moisture so they can breathe?


r/Vermiculture 4d ago

Advice wanted What is in my bin?

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23 Upvotes

I did a little digging and uncovered the material depicted. The worms seem fine.

I did give them cornmeal for the first time about 2 months ago. Could this be related to that? Did they not eat it?

I also feed them partially composted food from my hot compost bin which introduces a lot of critters. Something related to that?